:root {
  --navy:#102a43;
  --blue:#1f5f8b;
  --cyan:#65c7da;
  --cambridge:#a3c1ad;
  --red:#a33b2b;
  --ink:#18232d;
  --muted:#5a6873;
  --line:#cfd7dc;
  --paper:#ffffff;
  --canvas:#eef1f2;
}

* { box-sizing:border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior:smooth; }
body { margin:0; color:var(--ink); background:var(--canvas); font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:16px; line-height:1.55; }
a { color:var(--blue); text-underline-offset:3px; }
img { max-width:100%; }
.site-frame { width:min(1120px,100%); margin:0 auto; background:var(--paper); box-shadow:0 0 34px rgba(16,42,67,.16); }

.masthead { min-height:184px; position:relative; display:flex; align-items:center; overflow:hidden; background:var(--navy); }
.brand { position:relative; z-index:2; width:40%; align-self:stretch; display:flex; flex-direction:column; justify-content:center; padding:32px 42px; background:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff 72%,rgba(255,255,255,.94) 84%,transparent); }
.brand-name { margin:0; color:#111; font:500 clamp(34px,5vw,58px)/.95 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; letter-spacing:-.045em; }
.brand-university { margin:12px 0 0; color:var(--red); font:700 12px/1 Arial,sans-serif; letter-spacing:.22em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.banner-art { position:absolute; inset:0 0 0 32%; display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(6,1fr); grid-template-rows:repeat(2,1fr); background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(255,255,255,.62) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 22%,rgba(6,17,30,.12) 100%),url('images/header-microstructure.jpg') center/cover no-repeat; }
.banner-art span { display:none; }

.primary-nav { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr); background:#53606a; border-block:1px solid #fff; }
.primary-nav a { display:block; padding:13px 8px; color:#fff; border-right:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.65); font-size:14px; font-weight:700; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; }
.primary-nav a:last-child { border-right:0; }
.primary-nav a:hover,.primary-nav a:focus-visible,.primary-nav a.active { background:var(--cambridge); color:#17372f; }

main { padding:34px 34px 0; }
.research-layout { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.65fr) minmax(290px,.9fr); gap:34px; }
.research-copy { padding-right:34px; border-right:1px solid #8a959c; }
.section-kicker { margin:0 0 6px; color:var(--red); font-size:12px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.16em; text-transform:uppercase; }
h1 { max-width:700px; margin:0 0 22px; color:var(--navy); font:600 clamp(34px,4.3vw,52px)/1.08 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; letter-spacing:-.035em; }
.intro { font-size:18px; line-height:1.55; }
.research-copy h2,.highlights h2,.section-rule h2 { margin:28px 0 12px; color:var(--navy); font-size:18px; }
.topic-list { columns:2; column-gap:36px; margin:8px 0 34px; padding-left:20px; }
.topic-list li { break-inside:avoid; margin:0 0 6px; padding-left:3px; }
.project-list { margin-bottom:34px; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.project { padding:20px 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
.project h3 { margin:0 0 8px; color:var(--navy); font:600 20px/1.25 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.project p { margin:0; color:#35434d; font-size:15px; line-height:1.62; }

.highlights h2 { margin-top:0; padding-bottom:10px; border-bottom:5px solid var(--navy); }
.highlight-grid { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:5px; }
.highlight-card { min-height:174px; position:relative; display:flex; flex-direction:column; justify-content:flex-end; padding:16px; overflow:hidden; color:#fff; text-decoration:none; }
.highlight-card::before { content:''; position:absolute; inset:0; background:linear-gradient(transparent 30%,rgba(2,16,28,.88)); }
.highlight-card span,.highlight-card strong { position:relative; z-index:1; }
.highlight-card strong { font:600 19px/1.12 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.highlight-label { margin-bottom:4px; color:#c9eff4; font-size:10px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.12em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.cover-card { padding:0; background:#e8edf0; }
.cover-card::before { display:none; }
.cover-card img { width:100%; height:100%; display:block; object-fit:contain; transition:transform .2s ease; }
.cover-card:hover img,.cover-card:focus-visible img { transform:scale(1.025); }
.highlight-one { background:radial-gradient(circle at 32% 28%,#eef5f3 0 5%,transparent 6%),radial-gradient(circle at 55% 48%,#8ac0b3 0 14%,transparent 15%),linear-gradient(135deg,#1f5f6d,#071a2c); }
.highlight-two { background:repeating-linear-gradient(25deg,rgba(255,255,255,.14) 0 2px,transparent 2px 13px),linear-gradient(135deg,#a5693f,#341a20); }
.highlight-three { background:radial-gradient(circle at 26% 34%,#e76f51 0 3%,transparent 4%),radial-gradient(circle at 63% 58%,#f4a261 0 5%,transparent 6%),linear-gradient(145deg,#293d66,#111827); }
.highlight-four { background:linear-gradient(115deg,transparent 38%,rgba(255,255,255,.18) 39% 41%,transparent 42%),linear-gradient(35deg,#1c5c52,#071a2c); }
.news { margin-top:26px; padding-top:6px; border-top:5px solid #7b858c; }
.section-rule { display:flex; align-items:baseline; justify-content:space-between; gap:20px; }
.section-rule h2 { margin-top:12px; }
.section-rule a { font-size:12px; font-weight:700; }
.news-item { display:grid; grid-template-columns:106px 1fr; gap:20px; padding:18px 0; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.news-item time { color:var(--red); font-size:12px; font-weight:800; text-transform:uppercase; }
.news-item h3 { margin:0 0 4px; color:var(--navy); font-size:16px; }
.news-item p { margin:0; color:var(--muted); font-size:14px; }

.content-section { margin-top:54px; padding:46px 0; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.section-heading { display:grid; grid-template-columns:150px 1fr 1fr; gap:28px; align-items:start; margin-bottom:30px; }
.section-heading h2 { margin:0; color:var(--navy); font:600 34px/1.12 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.section-heading p:last-child { margin:0; color:var(--muted); }
.publication-section .section-heading { grid-template-columns:200px 1fr; }
.publications-page { padding-bottom:48px; }
.publications-section { padding:12px 0 0; }
.publications-heading { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto; grid-template-areas:"kicker scholar" "title scholar"; gap:6px 28px; align-items:start; margin-bottom:42px; }
.publications-heading .section-kicker { grid-area:kicker; }
.publications-heading h1 { margin:0; font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,46px); }
.publications-heading h1 { grid-area:title; }
.publications-heading p:not(.section-kicker) { margin:7px 0 0; color:var(--muted); }
.scholar-link { grid-area:scholar; align-self:end; justify-self:end; margin:0 0 6px; font-size:13px; font-weight:800; line-height:1.25; }
.publication-list { list-style:none; margin:0; padding:0; border-top:4px solid var(--navy); }
.publication-list li { display:grid; grid-template-columns:72px 1fr; gap:24px; padding:20px 0; border-bottom:1px solid var(--line); }
.pub-year { color:var(--red); font-size:12px; font-weight:800; }
.publication-list .publication-title { color:var(--navy); font:600 18px/1.35 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.publication-list p { margin:5px 0 0; color:var(--muted); font-size:13px; }
.publication-list .doi-link { display:inline-block; margin-top:7px; color:var(--blue); font-size:11px; font-weight:700; overflow-wrap:anywhere; }

.opportunity { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1.5fr; gap:56px; align-items:start; }
.opportunity h2 { margin:0; color:var(--navy); font:600 38px/1.1 Georgia,serif; }
.opportunity p { margin-top:0; }
.action-link { display:inline-block; margin-top:8px; padding:11px 15px; color:#fff; background:var(--navy); font-size:14px; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; }
.action-link:hover,.action-link:focus-visible { background:var(--red); }

.contact-page { padding-bottom:48px; }
.contact-section { padding:12px 0 48px; }
.contact-heading { display:block; margin-bottom:36px; }
.contact-heading h1 { margin:0; font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,46px); }
.contact-details { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:24px; margin-bottom:34px; }
.contact-card { padding:24px; border-top:5px solid var(--navy); background:#f4f7f8; }
.contact-card h2 { margin:0 0 10px; color:var(--navy); font:600 24px/1.2 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.contact-card p { margin:0; color:var(--muted); }
.contact-card a { font-weight:700; }
.funding-section { padding:30px 0; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
.funding-section h2 { margin:0 0 8px; color:var(--navy); font:600 30px/1.2 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.funding-section > p { max-width:760px; margin:0 0 18px; color:var(--muted); }
.funding-links { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:10px 28px; margin:0; padding-left:20px; }
.funding-links li { padding-left:3px; }
.funding-links a { font-weight:700; }

.genealogy-page .genealogy-section { padding:12px 0 48px; }
.genealogy-section { scroll-margin-top:16px; }
.back-link { display:inline-block; margin:0 0 24px; color:var(--muted); font-size:12px; font-weight:700; text-decoration:none; }
.back-link:hover,.back-link:focus-visible { color:var(--red); text-decoration:underline; }
.genealogy-heading { display:block; margin-bottom:38px; }
.genealogy-heading h1 { margin:0; font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,46px); }
.genealogy-layout { display:grid; grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.7fr) minmax(260px,.8fr); gap:30px; align-items:start; }
.genealogy-layout.detail-is-hidden { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
.genealogy-tree { min-width:0; padding:26px; border:1px solid var(--line); background:linear-gradient(180deg,#f7faf9,#eef4f2); }
.tree-direction { display:flex; justify-content:space-between; margin:0 0 20px; color:var(--muted); font-size:11px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.12em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.lineage-trunk,.ancestry-branch { display:flex; flex-direction:column; align-items:center; }
.genealogy-node { width:min(100%,360px); padding:15px 18px; border:1px solid #91a4aa; border-left:5px solid var(--cambridge); border-radius:0; color:var(--ink); background:#fff; box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(16,42,67,.08); -webkit-appearance:none; appearance:none; text-align:left; cursor:pointer; transition:transform .16s ease,box-shadow .16s ease,border-color .16s ease; }
.genealogy-node strong,.genealogy-node span { display:block; }
.genealogy-node strong { margin:2px 0 3px; color:var(--navy); font:600 20px/1.15 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.genealogy-node span:last-child { color:var(--muted); font-size:12px; }
.genealogy-node .node-role { color:var(--red); font-size:9px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.13em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.genealogy-node:hover { transform:translateY(-2px); box-shadow:0 8px 20px rgba(16,42,67,.13); }
.genealogy-node:focus-visible { outline:3px solid var(--cyan); outline-offset:3px; }
.genealogy-node.is-selected { border-color:var(--navy); border-left-color:var(--red); background:#f9fbfc; box-shadow:0 0 0 2px rgba(16,42,67,.13),0 8px 20px rgba(16,42,67,.12); }
.relationship { position:relative; display:grid; place-items:center; min-height:54px; color:var(--muted); font-size:10px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.08em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.relationship::before { content:''; position:absolute; z-index:0; top:0; bottom:0; left:50%; width:1px; background:#8ca0a7; }
.relationship::after { content:''; position:absolute; z-index:0; bottom:0; left:calc(50% - 4px); width:7px; height:7px; border-right:1px solid #8ca0a7; border-bottom:1px solid #8ca0a7; transform:rotate(45deg); }
.relationship { isolation:isolate; }
.relationship::selection { background:transparent; }
.relationship:not(:empty) { padding:0 8px; }
.relationship:not(:empty)::first-line { background:#eef4f2; }
.branch-label { position:relative; margin:30px 0 26px; text-align:center; }
.branch-label::before { content:''; position:absolute; top:50%; right:8%; left:8%; border-top:1px solid #8ca0a7; }
.branch-label span { position:relative; padding:4px 12px; color:var(--navy); background:#eef4f2; font-size:10px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.1em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.ancestry-branches { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1.35fr .9fr; gap:24px; align-items:start; }
.ancestry-branch { min-width:0; padding:20px 14px; border-top:4px solid var(--cambridge); background:rgba(255,255,255,.7); }
.ancestry-branch .genealogy-node { width:100%; }
.paired-nodes { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr; gap:12px; width:100%; align-items:stretch; }
.genealogy-node.compact { min-height:108px; padding:14px 16px; }
.genealogy-node.compact strong { font-size:18px; }
.genealogy-detail { position:sticky; top:18px; min-height:280px; padding:28px; color:#fff; background:var(--navy); border-top:7px solid var(--cambridge); }
.genealogy-detail[hidden],.genealogy-detail a[hidden] { display:none; }
.genealogy-detail .detail-kicker { margin:0 0 7px; color:#9de1e8; font-size:10px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.14em; text-transform:uppercase; }
.genealogy-detail h2 { margin:0 0 10px; color:#fff; font:600 30px/1.08 Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif; }
.genealogy-detail .detail-affiliation { margin:0 0 22px; padding-bottom:17px; border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24); color:#c7edf1; font-size:13px; font-weight:700; }
.genealogy-detail p:not(.detail-kicker):not(.detail-affiliation) { color:#e5edf2; font-size:14px; }
.genealogy-detail a { display:inline-block; margin-top:14px; color:#9de1e8; font-size:13px; font-weight:800; }
.genealogy-source { margin:18px 0 0; color:var(--muted); font-size:11px; }
.generation-label { width:100%; margin:2px 0 14px; color:var(--red); font-size:10px; font-weight:800; letter-spacing:.13em; text-align:center; text-transform:uppercase; }
.terminal-generation { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:12px; width:100%; align-items:stretch; }
.terminal-generation .genealogy-node { align-self:stretch; height:auto; min-height:108px; }
.faraday-node { grid-column:1/-1; border-left-color:var(--cyan); background:#f6fcfd; }

footer { display:grid; grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr .7fr; gap:38px; margin-top:18px; padding:38px 34px 24px; color:#e9eef1; background:var(--navy); font-size:13px; }
footer strong { color:#fff; font-size:14px; }
footer p { margin:8px 0; }
footer a { display:block; width:fit-content; margin:7px 0; color:#c7edf1; }
.copyright { display:none; }

@media (max-width:820px) {
  .brand { width:54%; padding-inline:24px; }
  .banner-art { left:45%; }
  .research-layout { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .research-copy { padding-right:0; border-right:0; }
  .highlights { padding-top:34px; border-top:1px solid var(--line); }
  .highlight-card { min-height:220px; }
  .section-heading { grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:8px; }
  .genealogy-layout { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .genealogy-detail { position:static; min-height:0; }
  .terminal-generation { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .faraday-node { grid-column:auto; }
  .contact-details { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
}

@media (max-width:560px) {
  body { background:#fff; }
  .site-frame { box-shadow:none; }
  .masthead { min-height:132px; }
  .brand { width:100%; padding:24px 18px; background:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff 0 60%,rgba(255,255,255,.96) 70%,rgba(255,255,255,.28) 100%); }
  .banner-art { left:0; }
  .brand-name { font-size:38px; }
  .brand-university { font-size:9px; }
  .primary-nav { grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
  .primary-nav a { border-right:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.65); border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.65); }
  .primary-nav a:nth-child(even) { border-right:0; }
  .primary-nav a:last-child { grid-column:1/-1; border-right:0; border-bottom:0; }
  main { padding:28px 18px 0; }
  h1 { margin-bottom:18px; font-size:clamp(32px,11vw,42px); }
  .back-link { margin-bottom:18px; }
  .publications-heading { grid-template-columns:1fr; grid-template-areas:"kicker" "title" "scholar"; gap:6px; margin-bottom:30px; }
  .scholar-link { justify-self:start; margin:8px 0 0; }
  .contact-heading,.genealogy-heading { margin-bottom:28px; }
  .topic-list { columns:1; }
  .highlight-grid { gap:4px; }
  .highlight-card { min-height:0; }
  .cover-card { aspect-ratio:3/4; }
  .news-item { grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:4px; }
  .content-section { margin-top:36px; padding:34px 0; }
  .opportunity { gap:18px; }
  .opportunity h2 { font-size:32px; }
  .contact-card { padding:18px; }
  .funding-section { padding:26px 0; }
  .funding-section h2 { font-size:26px; }
  .genealogy-tree { padding:18px 12px; }
  .ancestry-branches { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .paired-nodes { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .publication-list li { grid-template-columns:54px 1fr; gap:12px; }
  .funding-links { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
  .opportunity,footer { grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:22px; }
  footer { padding:30px 18px 22px; }
}

@media (max-width:380px) {
  .brand-name { font-size:34px; }
  .brand-university { max-width:190px; line-height:1.35; }
  .publication-list li { grid-template-columns:1fr; gap:4px; }
  .funding-links { padding-left:18px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior:auto; }
  .genealogy-node { transition:none; }
}